Title
Spatial distribution and habitat suitability analysis of Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch) in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park
Author(s)
Oktaviani, Rahayu; Cahyana, Andi Nugraha
Published
2017
Abstract
Javan gibbons (Hylobates moloch) are endemic to the western and central parts of Java, Indonesia, one of the most densely populated islands on earth. IUCN (2008) lists Javan gibbons as Endangered, with ~2,500 adults remaining in >20 habitat fragments, although substantial uncertainty remains about population sizes and habitat occupancy. Despite legal protection of Javan gibbons and some critical gibbon habitats, deforestation and habitat degradation are the primary threats to their persistence. Gunung halimun salak national park (GHSNP) is well known as remaining forest and the best habitat for javan gibbons. Identification of suitable habitat for javan gibbon is essential to improve conservation management decision-making in the region for javan gibbons. This study was conducted to identify javan gibbons' distribution and habitat suitability using spatial analysis modeling with geographic information system (GIS) tools. Maximum Entropy (MAxEnt) analysis was used to identify spatial distribution and to estimate the level of suitable habitat for javan gibbons. The result showed 42.14% (44,231.34 ha), 24.67% (25,899.67 ha) and 33.19% (34,833.02 ha) areal GHSNP has high, moderate and low suitability habitat for javan gibbons. Meanwhile forest canopy density (FCD) (53.88%) and temperature (35.60%) were dominant factors that influence javan gibbons distribution in GHSNP.
Keywords
Conservation; Maxent; Habitat suitability; Javan gibbon
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