Title
Chapter Title: Integrating conservation and development in Madagascar’s Marine Protected Areas
Book Title: Marine protected areas: Interactions with fishery
livelihoods and food security.
Author(s)
Brenier, Ambroise ;Vogel, Aurélie
Published
2017
Abstract
Less than 3 percent of the oceans are covered by marine protected areas (MPAs), and this
percentage is even lower in Madagascar (less than 1 percent). And yet Madagascar’s seas
are extremely diverse, with some of the largest coral reefs in the world. Simultaneously,
over 10 million of Malagasy people, or 50 percent of the population, live near the coast
and rely on marine and coastal ecosystems for food and revenue. Madagascar’s smallscale
fisheries sector is highly significant for the country (Le Manach et al., 2012).
Countrywide, marine fisheries provide an income estimated at over US$160 million
annually (World Bank, 2003) whereas the small-scale fisheries account for 70 percent of
the total production and involve about 100 000 fishers (Le Manach et al., 2012).
Evidence of recent declines of fishery resources, especially species of high value, such
as shrimp, sharks and sea cucumbers, has been documented (Le Manach et al., 2012;
Anderson et al., 2011), and most of the small-scale coastal fisheries in Madagascar are
considered unsustainable. This is largely due to overharvesting and destructive fishing
practices (Iida, 2005; McVean, Walker and Fanning, 2006; Barnes and Rawlinson, 2009;
Davis, Beanjara and Tregenza, 2009; Brenier, Ferraris and Mahafina, 2011; Le Manach,
2012; Robinson and Sauer, 2013)
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