Title
Kajian Sosial Budaya Ekonomi Pembentukan Jejaring Kawasan Konservasi Perairan di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat.
Author(s)
Lestari, W.P.; Anggraeni, R.; Kartawijaya, T.; Ningtias, P.
Published
2017
Abstract
Socio-culture-economic study aims to observe community connection among MPAs in West Nusa Tenggara Province. Observation on population demography of the study sites shows community in all MPAs exhibit high number of similarity such as speak in Sasak and Bima language in addition to Bahasa Indonesia; almost all respondents are in productive age range; most graduated from elementary school; high dependency on marine resources; low adaptive capacity of fisher; various source of income; works as fishers for decades; more than half of fishers own their own boat; large number of fisher utilize one fishing gear; comprise of multietchnics community. The communities live in or surround MPAs recognize regulations such as prohibited fishing practices (e.g blast fishing, poison, trawls). They aware sea turtles, dolphins, whale shark, and sea cow are protected under Indonesian Law. The communities also recognize fishing season regulation when fishers are allowed to fish and area closure for fishing activities. Distribution of knowledge on establishment of MPAs is unequal among MPAs but in general the communities show positive support for MPA establishment. Potential conflicts, ecological threats, socio-economic threat vary among MPAs and indirectly correlate between MPA, except for blast fishing practices. In general, practiced local knowledge at studi sites are related with marine and coastal resources management such as marine festival, prohibited use of blast fishing, poison, and net. In addtition to those arrangements, there are also prohibition to cut mangrove trees, coral mining, and fisher agreement on fishing regulation. Community interaction among MPAs is mainly related with capture fisheries and tourism. Fisheries products such as grouper and snapper are commonly traded among MPAs in West Nusa Tenggara. The study identified 34 fish species are regularly traded among MPAs. The trade is mainly supported by artisana fisheries instead of commercial fisheries. The study found ecosystem services among MPAs occur in the form of tourism activities. While creative economic activities in the villages surround MPAs are household production and small scale industry. These activities are significantly related to tourism development.
Full Citation
Lestari, W.P., Anggraeni, R., Kartawijaya, T., & Ningtias, P. (2017). Kajian Sosial Budaya Ekonomi Pembentukan Jejaring Kawasan Konservasi Perairan di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Bogor: Wildlife Conservation Society – Indonesia Program
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