Title
Status and ecological effects of the world’s largest carnivores
Author(s)
Ripple, W.J., Estes, J.A., Beschta, R.L., Wilmers, C.C., Ritchie, E.G., Hebblewhite, M., Berger, J., Elmhagen, B., Letnic, M., Nelson, M.P., Schmitz, O.J., Smith, D.W., Wallach, A.D., and A.J. Wirsing
Published
2014
Publisher
Science
Abstract
Consistent with theory, empirical studies increasingly show that large carnivores have substantial effects on the structure and function of diverse ecosystems. Large carnivores face serious threats and are experiencing massive declines in their populations and geographic ranges around the world. This study highlights how these threats have affected the conservation status and ecological functioning of the 31 largest mammalian carnivores on Earth.
Full Citation
Ripple, W.J., Estes, J.A., Beschta, R.L., Wilmers, C.C., Ritchie, E.G., Hebblewhite, M., Berger, J., Elmhagen, B., Letnic, M., Nelson, M.P., Schmitz, O.J., Smith, D.W., Wallach, A.D., and A.J. Wirsing (2014). “Status and ecological effects of the world’s largest carnivores.” Science 343(6167).
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